抄録・内容(英) | Research by Japanese scholars into the political history in the Song period has been strongly influenced by the theory of "absolute monarchy 君主独裁政治" proposed by Konan Vaito and Ichisada Miyazaki. In the field of political science, the theory of the two scholars can be categorized into macro-politics aiming to elucidate national systems. Utilizing this theory as a guide, research in Japan into the political history of the Song period has continued to develop, and the political framework has become clear. However, on the other hand, the following issues still remain to be solved: (1) Politics can be classified into macro-politics, micro-politics, and international politics, but current research into the political history of the Song pe toward the perspective of macro-politics, and other study methods have not been sufficiently introduced. (2) There has not been a sufficient amount of research into the structures, policymaking processes, archive systems, communications, and supervisory systems for realizing the authority and power of the emperors. (3) Research so far has been conducted based mainly on documents compiled by the governments, such as shilu 実録(the veritable records), Guoshi 国史(national histories), and Huiyao 会要(the collected statues); there has not been enough reference to historical materials, such as essays, notes, novels, diaries, epitaphs, and local chronicles. In addition, when considering the research into the records of political history, there is a fair accumulation of studies on the Northern Song, but one cannot really say that there has been sufficient study of the Southern Song. This paper addresses the above issues and mentions the necessity of the development of research into political structures in the Song period looking at the various connections between tangible entities, sources, and processes, based on H.D. Lasswell's theory that politics should be discussed with a focus on "when, how, and who acquires what?". |